In 1995, a Pittsburgh man named McArthur Wheeler robbed two banks in broad daylight with no mask, no clever disguise, and one deeply flawed science experiment on his face.

According to reports, Wheeler had covered his face in lemon juice because lemon juice can be used as invisible ink. His reasoning was that if it could hide writing on paper, maybe it could also hide his face from surveillance cameras.

It did not.

The bank cameras recorded him clearly, and after the footage aired on the news, police soon identified and arrested him. Wheeler was reportedly stunned that the plan failed, because he believed he had tested the idea beforehand.

The case later helped inspire psychologists David Dunning and Justin Kruger to study why people with low skill or knowledge can sometimes be extremely confident in their own judgment.

It was not a perfect crime. It was a citrus-powered misunderstanding of reality.